Pampu ya centrifugal simatuluka pamankhwala olakwika

(Kufotokozera mwachidule)Pampu yamadzi ya centrifugal yakhala pampu yamadzi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri paulimi chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta

Pampu yamadzi ya Centrifugal yakhala pampu yamadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri paulimi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi kukonza, komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri. Komabe, imakwiyitsanso chifukwa imalephera kunyamula madzi. Chifukwa cha chopinga chadala chomwe sichingatchulidwe tsopano chafufuzidwa.
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　　 1. Mu chitoliro cholowetsa madzi muli mpweya ndi thupi la mpope
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　　 1. Ogwiritsa ntchito ena sanadzaze madzi okwanira asanayambe kupopera; zikuwoneka kuti madziwo adasefukira kuchokera kumtunda, koma shaft yapampu sinatembenuzidwe kuti iwononge mpweya wonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale wotsalira mu chitoliro cholowera kapena pampu.
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　　2. Gawo lopingasa la chitoliro cholowera polumikizana ndi mpope wamadzi liyenera kukhala ndi malo otsika kuposa 0.5% mobwerera kumbuyo kwa madzi. Mapeto olumikizidwa ndi cholowera cha mpope wamadzi ndi okwera, osati opingasa kwathunthu. Ikapendekeka m'mwamba, mpweya umakhalabe mupaipi yolowera m'madzi, yomwe imachepetsa vacuum mupaipi yamadzi ndi mpope wamadzi ndipo imakhudza kuyamwa kwamadzi.
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　　3. Kupaka pampu yamadzi kutha chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali-kugwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali kapena kupanikizika kwapakiti ndikotayirira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi ambiri azipopera kuchokera pampata pakati pa kulongedza ndi mkono wa shaft shaft. Chotsatira chake, mpweya wakunja umalowa mu mpope wa madzi kuchokera ku mipata iyi, yomwe imakhudza kukweza madzi.
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　　4. Mabowo anaonekera mu chitoliro cholowera chifukwa cha nthawi yaitali - Pampuyo itagwira ntchito, madziwo anapitirizabe kutsika. Pamene mabowowa adawonekera pamwamba pamadzi, mpweya umalowa mupaipi yolowera kuchokera kumabowo.
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　　 5. Pali ming'alu m'chigono cha chitoliro cholowera, ndipo pali kusiyana kochepa pakati pa chitoliro cholowera ndi pampu yamadzi, zomwe zingayambitse mpweya kulowa mupaipi yolowera.
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　　 2. Liwiro la mpope ndilotsika kwambiri
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　　 1. Zinthu zaumunthu. Ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito mosasamala amakhala ndi injini ina kuti ayendetse chifukwa galimoto yoyambirira idawonongeka. Zotsatira zake, kuthamanga kunali kochepa, mutu unali wochepa, ndipo madzi sanapope.
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　　2, lamba wotumizira amavalidwa. Mapampu ambiri akulu-akuluakulu olekanitsa madzi amagwiritsa ntchito kupatsirana lamba. Chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, lamba wopatsirana amavalidwa komanso kumasuka, ndipo kutsetsereka kumachitika, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpope.
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　　 3. Kuyika kolakwika. Mtunda wapakati pakati pa ma pulleys awiriwo ndi wochepa kwambiri kapena ma shaft awiriwo sakufanana, mbali yolimba ya lamba wopatsira imayikidwa pamenepo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngodya yaying'ono, kuwerengera kukula kwa ma pulleys awiriwo, ndi lalikulu. Eccentricity of the two shafts of coupling drive water pump kumapangitsa kuti pampu isinthe.
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　　 4. Pampu yamadzi yokha imakhala ndi kulephera kwamakina. Mtedza womangirira ndi pompopompo ndi womasuka kapena shaft yapampu imakhala yopunduka ndikupindika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chotsitsacho chisunthike kwambiri, ndikusisita molunjika ku thupi la mpope, kapena kuwonongeka komwe kungachepetse kuthamanga kwa mpope.
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　　 5. Kukonza makina amagetsi sikunalembedwe. Galimoto imataya maginito chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa ma windings. Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe okhotakhota, ma diameter a waya, ndi njira zamawaya pakukonza, kapena kulephera kuthetseratu zinthu pakukonza kumapangitsanso kuti pampu isinthe.
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　　 3. Mtundu woyamwa ndi waukulu kwambiri
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　　Magwero ena amadzi ndi akuya, ndipo magwero ena amadzi amakhala ndi m'mphepete mwa lathyathyathya. Kukoka kovomerezeka kwa pampu sikunanyalanyazedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi amwe pang'ono kapena ayi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa vacuum yomwe ingakhazikitsidwe pa doko loyamwa la pampu yamadzi ndi yocheperako, ndipo gawo loyamwa ndi pafupifupi mita 10 kutalika kwa mzere wamadzi mu vacuum yamtheradi, ndipo ndizosatheka kuti pampu yamadzi ikhazikike. vacuum mtheradi. Ngati vacuum ndi yaikulu kwambiri, n'zosavuta kutulutsa madzi mu mpope, zomwe sizili bwino pakugwira ntchito kwa mpope. Pampu iliyonse ya centrifugal imakhala ndi sitiroko yayikulu yololeka, nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 3 ndi 8.5 metres. Mukayika mpope, siziyenera kukhala zosavuta komanso zosavuta.
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　　 Chachinayi, kutayika kwa kukana m'madzi omwe akuyenda mkati ndi kunja kwa chitoliro chamadzi ndi kwakukulu kwambiri
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　　 Ogwiritsa ntchito ena ayeza kuti mtunda woyimirira kuchokera pankhokwe kapena nsanja yamadzi kupita pamwamba pamadzi ndi yocheperapo pang'ono pokweza pampu, koma kukweza kwamadzi kumakhala kochepa kapena sikungathe kukweza madzi. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri chitolirocho chimakhala chotalika kwambiri, chitoliro chamadzi chimakhala ndi mapindikidwe ambiri, ndipo kutayika kwa chitoliro mu chitoliro chamadzi ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kukana kwa chigongono cha 90-digrii ndikokulirapo kuposa chigongono cha 120-degree. Kutaya mutu wa aliyense 90 - digiri chigongono ndi za 0,5 kuti 1 mita, ndi kukana aliyense 20 mamita chitoliro kungachititse mutu imfa pafupifupi 1 mita. Kuphatikiza apo, ena ogwiritsanso ntchito amapopa mopanda malire ndi ma diameter a chitoliro, omwe amakhudzanso mutu.